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Political and military events in Scotland during the reign of David I
Political and military events in Scotland during the reign of David I are the events which took place in Scotland during David I of Scotland's reign as King of Scots, from 1124 to 1153. When his brother Alexander I of Scotland died in 1124, David chose, with the backing of Henry I of England, to take the Kingdom of Alba for himself. David was forced to engage in warfare against his rival and nephew, Máel Coluim mac Alaxandair. Subduing the latter took David ten years, and involved the destruction of Óengus, mormaer of Moray. David's victory allowed him to expand his control over more distant regions theoretically part of the Kingdom. In this he was largely successful, although he failed to bring the Earldom of Orkney into his kingdom.
==Overview==
Both Michael Lynch and Richard Oram portray David as having little initial connection with the culture and society of the Scots;〔Lynch, ''Scotland: A New History'', p. 79; Oram, ''David: The King Who Made Scotland'', pp. 75–6.〕 Oram characterises David's position at his accession in 1124 as "a stranger in a strange land".〔Oram, ''David: The King Who Made Scotland'', title to chapter 5, pp. 73–88.〕 Both historians likewise argue that David became increasingly re-Gaelicized in the later stages of his reign.〔Lynch, ''Scotland: A New History'', p. 83; Oram, ''David: The King Who Made Scotland'', esp. for instance, pp. 96, 126.〕 Other historians, such as R. Andrew McDonald for instance, focus on the violence of David's "Norman" establishment, and partially explain David's troubles in Scotland as non-Celtic tension against the "Celtic" periphery.〔R. Andrew McDonald, ''Outlaws of Medieval Scotland'', pp. 24–29, ''et passim''.〕 The latter Norman-Celtic dualistic picture is attacked by Matthew Hammond, who asks why the Gaelic east of the kingdom which constituted David's Scotian heartland was less "Celtic" than the heavily Norse-influenced west and north.〔Matthew H. Hammond, "Ethnicity and the Writing of Medieval Scottish history", p. 23.〕
In fact, as king of Scots David pursued the goals anyone in his position would be expected to pursue. While it is true that David established himself in power with the backing of Henry I and his own Anglo-Norman retainers, as king his expansion also impinged upon areas that were Norse and English in speech using forces taken from his own Gaelic territories. David used the forces at his disposal. In doing so David's position in Scotland was largely successful. Not only did he survive to die a peaceful death, but he retained hold of his core territory in east-central Scotland, introduced more direct royal control into Moray and beyond, while men from Argyll, the Hebrides and Galloway were could be brought into David's 1136-8 invasion host. David's failings were that he did not succeed in permanently incorporating the Orkney Islands into his kingdom.〔For all this, see below.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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